Question:
ILS Approaches under clear weather?
thebillupsfan
2009-07-16 23:00:46 UTC
Do modern airliners and big jets shoot for ILS approaches instead of Visual Approaches as their default regardless of the weather? I know that they would definitely have to go for ILS when the weather is bad but if it's clear and calm, do they normally fly an ILS approach? They are more accurate and definitely safer so I don't see any reason why a visual would be flown instead of an instrument precision approach. Also, can an ILS approach be flown under VFR? Thanks!!!
Seven answers:
Techwing
2009-07-17 04:43:41 UTC
Commercial airliners often use ILS as back-up even after accepting a visual approach. They may couple the ILS to the autopilot, or they may hand-fly the approach, at pilot discretion. Legally they are not required to use ILS when cleared for a visual approach, so it's just a way of double-checking things and not all crews/airlines will use it.



While an ILS is very accurate, it provides accuracy that isn't really necessary in good visual conditions. Airline pilots are quite capable of flying the aircraft visually to a very precise landing without ILS, when weather permits. Pilots are also capable of holding the aircraft on a localizer and glide slope by hand if necessary/desirable (even for ILS approaches in poor weather). Some categories of ILS approach require that the autopilot be used for the approach (e.g., Cat III autoland).



Sometimes specific procedures for a given airline may dictate how ILS is to be used, e.g., ILS always required as back-up even for a visual approach, no visual approaches to be accepted even under good visual conditions, etc.



Air traffic controllers like visual approaches because it lightens their workload when weather is favorable.



You cannot legally fly an ILS approach under VFR if the approach cannot otherwise be conducted visually. You can use the ILS as back-up if you want, or you can couple the ILS and fly the approach with the autopilot, as long as you are still under visual conditions and have the option of flying the approach visually at any moment. Legally it will be VFR and visual no matter how you actually conduct the approach in the cockpit, and in any case you must be in VMC to carry out the approach. In other words, as long as you are not using the ILS to carry out an approach that you could not otherwise carry out visually, it's okay (and unofficial, since legally it will still be a visual approach).



When you are VFR, you may be asked or expected to fly the pattern, which pretty much renders ILS moot. But if you are making straight in from far away, you might be able to use the ILS as back-up.



Also remember that when making an approach VFR or a visual approach under IFR, you are supposed to land by looking at the runway, not by following the needles. This could be significant, for example, in the unlikely event that the ILS is malfunctioning—if you accept a visual approach and then follow the ILS, and the ILS is not in working order, you could be in trouble if you don't actually watch the runway and land visually. (An unlikely scenario, but possible.)
Mark
2009-07-19 13:19:55 UTC
Some airlines have rules about it, but often the wind, clouds, traffic, the direction of arrival, the destination on the airport make landing on some non-ILS runway advantageous.



Often a visual approach will get you in sooner than an ILS approach will.



Setting up the instruments for receiving the localizer, glideslope, and marker beacons is often a good idea even if flying a visual approach; at Class D primary airports flying at or above the glideslope can in some cases be required.



Listen to John B for wise cautions about using the ILS in all cases.



ILS approaches can certainly be flown under VFR.
anonymous
2009-07-16 23:32:52 UTC
If a runway is served by an ILS and a flight is cleared for the visual approach to that runway, the crew uses the ILS as backup to ensure alignment with the correct runway at the proper airport.



Some pilots connect the ILS to the autopilot, but I prefer using the heading and vertical speed modes to stay on the glideslope and localizer, or hand fly the approach. Many LOCs and GSs have "Kinks" that can result in a rough ride when the ILS is driving the autopilot...



A "practice ILS" can be flown in VFR conditions by a non-instrument rated pilot. You remain responsible for avoiding other aircraft.
John B
2009-07-17 04:56:02 UTC
rediculous to think that flying an ils is safer than a visual in good weather. if you accept the visual you are no longer required to maintain precise tracking so everybody's head can get out of the cockpit and look for traffic. on a nice day the mid air danger is far greater than anything that ils guidance might help. i'm always having to remind my pilots to get off the damn guages and look out the friggin window. take the visual. it makes you use your eyes.



any approach can be flown under vmc, not vfr. big difference. one is a condition, the other a set of rules. but even on an instrument clearance the crew is responsible for see and avoid when vmc. of course when vfr, see and avoid is always in effect.
anonymous
2009-07-17 10:24:33 UTC
The Captain can fly any approach he/she wants, they are in charge of operating the aircraft, not the tower or approach control.



Commercial airlines always use the ILS. Keep in mind, if the field is VFR, then VFR/IFR separation services are not provided.
anonymous
2009-07-17 14:42:20 UTC
ILS is used to ensure a pressie approach, as a good landing needs a stabilized approach.
Jerrid S
2009-07-17 00:38:57 UTC
They use the ILS when it is available. It is more precise and it also allows extremely easy programming of the autopilot for the approach. I even do that just on local flights in a 172


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